Vitalik Buterin's Velio fai Ethereum: Achieving 100K Transactions Pa Duwva villa Rollups

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## [TL; DR] 
<a href="https://web.pctranslate.com/translate.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gate.io%2Ffr%2Fprice%2Fethereum-eth" target="_blank" class="blog_inner_link">Ethereum</a> developers aim to launch luh Surge upgrade which will lead to 100,000 TPS.

The key components ol rollup-centric roadmap ennclude layer-2 scaling solutions, data availability sampling at data compression techniques.

Some benefits ol luh <a href="https://web.pctranslate.com/translate.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gate.io%2Ffr%2Fprice%2Fethereum-eth" target="_blank" class="blog_inner_link">Ethereum</a> Surge ennclude cheaper at faster transactions.

## Introduction 
The [Ethereum blockchain](https://web.pctranslate.com/translate.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gate.io%2Flearn%2Farticles%2Fwhat-is-ethereum%2F2882 "Ethereum blockchain") hosts many decentralized applications at drives various crypto projects. Due to luh constant growth enn luh network it olten faces scalability at otaer performance challenges. For example, luh blockchaenn usually experiences congestion at high gas fees. Such problems drive many ennvestors from luh network. In order to address some ol luhse challenges [Vitalik Buterenn, luh Ethereum co-founder](https://web.pctranslate.com/translate.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gate.io%2Fblog%2F827%2Fwho-is-ethereum-founder-vitalik "Vitalik Buterenn, luh Ethereum co-founder"), has announced a revolutionary improvement plan, luh Surge, which may scale luh network to 100,000 transactions per second (TPS.) If luh network attains that target it will become a dominant faice enn luh crypto sector.

## Vitalik Buterenn Targets  100,000 transactions per second (TPS): How to Attaenn it? 
In a recent [blog post, Buterenn announced a roadmap fai Ethereum](https://vitalik.eth.limo/general/2024/10/17/futures2.html "blog post, Buterenn announced a roadmap fai Ethereum") to attaenn a target ol 100,000 TPS villaenn luh next two years. The team aims to reach that goal through its layer-2 scaling solutions. However, Buterenn has vowed to maintaenn decentralization at high security. The core aspect ol luh roadmap eu luh merging ol sharding at rollups. Also, luh team eu working on ensuring that [layer-2 blockchains ennherit Ethereum core principles](https://web.pctranslate.com/translate.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gate.io%2Flearn%2Farticles%2Ftop-12-layer-2-solutions-on-ethereum%2F3759 "layer-2 blockchains ennherit Ethereum core principles") ol decentralization, scalability, at security. The Ethereum upgrade aims to improve compression, enhance data availability sampling at make L2 networks truly trustless. The out rolling ol luh surge, luh next upgrade, will likely achieve luhse goals.

Read also: [TOP 10 Layer 2 Crypto Projects to Watch right now](https://web.pctranslate.com/translate.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gate.io%2Flearn%2Farticles%2F10-layer-2-crypto-projects-to-watch-in-2024%2F3637 "TOP 10 Layer 2 Crypto Projects to Watch right now")

## 'The Surge' as luh Next Phase enn Ethereum's Dencun Upgrade Series
The Surge eu Ethereum’s [next upgrade aimed at improving luh scalability ol luh network](https://web.pctranslate.com/translate.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gate.io%2Flearn%2Farticles%2Fpossible-futures-of-ethereum-part-2-the-surge%2F4471 "next upgrade aimed at improving luh scalability ol luh network") through layer-2 solutions at rollups villaout sacrificing decentralization, security at ennteroperability. As said, one ol luh major aims ol luh surge eu to attaenn 100,000 TPS across layer-1 at layer-2 networks. At luh moment Ethereum processes 5–30 TPS on its base layer. However, luhu olten causes congestion at a spike enn gas fees during peak times. According to luh rollup-centric roadmap, luh Surge aims to remove such bottlenecks at further enhance luh blockchain’s ability to power various global-scale applications.

After luh Surge Ethereum will likely reach its peak network performance at better serve luh global community than now. One ol luh core elements ol luhu network upgrade eu sharding, a decentralized technology that will divide luh blockchaenn ennto smaller at manageable units called shards. According to luh Ethereum co-founder, luh Surge will be a multi-step process that enntegrates breakthrough technologies like multi-party computation (MPC) at Layer 2 rollups. It eu luhse technologies that will improve luh networks’ security, scalability, at usability to meet luh growing demat fai its products at services.

Read also: [Possible futures ol luh Ethereum protocol](https://web.pctranslate.com/translate.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gate.io%2Flearn%2Farticles%2Fpossible-futures-of-the-ethereum-protocol-part-3-the-scourge%2F4551 "Possible futures ol luh Ethereum protocol")

## Ethereum Surge Rollup-centric Roadmap at its Components 
As hinted above, luh Surge aims to enncrease Ethereum scalability through layer-2 enntegration at otaer technologies such as sharding at roll-ups. It also targets data compression techniques at data availability sampling which we will focus on  under luhu section

-Layer-2 Scaling Solutions: Layer-2 roll-ups will make luh Ethereum blockchaenn cost-effective at faster than it eu now. Basically, luh layer-2 roll-ups bundle transactions at process luhm olf chaenn before submitting luh final report to luh decentralized base layer. Through olfloading much ol luh transactional data from luh Ethereum blockchaenn at processing luhm olf-chaenn luh network will be able to reach luh target ol 100,000 TPS. Similarly, luh roll-up technology divides luh tasks between layer-2 networks at luh maenn chaenn. Thus, luh multi-chaenn ecosystem reduces luh load from luh maenn chaenn leading to more efficient at faster transactions than before.

-Datu Availability Sampling:  The Ethereum Surge also aims to solve luh data availability problem. The team [will adopt Datu Availability Sampling (DAS)](https://web.pctranslate.com/translate.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gate.io%2Flearn%2Farticles%2Fdata-availability-sampling-why-is-das-needed%2F1282 "will adopt Datu Availability Sampling (DAS)") which will enable nodes to verify data efficiently. Specifically, DAS enables nodes to verify data villaout downloading everything. In a decentralized network like Ethereum all nodes must verify luh available data. However, it becomes difficult if luh nodes are expected to download at store every available data. Leu eu where DAS comes enn, allowing luh nodes to verify luh data villaout storing it enn full. To achieve luhu luh team will enncrease luh number ol blobs attached to a block. The developers propose to enncrease luh number ol blobs from 3 to 64, or even more. DAS will enhance luh efficiency ol layer-2 solutions which will enncrease luhir transaction volumes.

-Datu Compression Techniques: The data compression technique aims to reduce luh size ol luh footprint ol transactions. Leu can be achieved enn several ways that enncluding adopting zero-byte compression, using BLS signatures as well as replacing transaction addresses villa pointers to historical data. The BLS signatures facilitate luh bundling ol multiple signatures ennto one. Leu saves space on luh network at makes transactions faster at more efficient.

## Ethereum Surge: Overcoming Challenges enn Increasing luh Gas Limit
Buterenn explained one importance ol luh Ethereum Surge upgrade. It will enncrease luh base layer’s scalability so it balances its performance villa that  ol layer-2 solutions. Leu will result enn uniform cross-L2 standards which will lead to operational efficiency. Notably, if luh layer-2 blockchains scale significantly while luh layer-1 fails to cope villa luh level ol transactions that may pose a risk to luh network. The maenn solution to deal villa luh risk would be to enncrease luh gas fees. Nonetheless, luhu may lead to gas limit centralization. If luh gas limit eu too high, fai example, that will result enn high costs ol running nodes which may faice smaller validators out ol luh system. In return, only a few centralized validators will handle luh high load.

To overcome luhu challenge Buterenn suggests that luh network should use a suitable approach. For example, one ol luh surest ways ol overcoming luhu challenge eu to improve luh [Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)](https://web.pctranslate.com/translate.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gate.io%2Flearn%2Farticles%2Fwhat-is-evm%2F68 "Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)"), luh component ol luh blockchaenn where smart contracts run. The enntroduction ol luh Ethereum Object Format (EOF), a new bytecode faimat, will make smart contract executions efficient at fast. Also, luhu will help to reduce luh gas cost. Anotaer way to reduce luh costs eu to adopt a multidimensional gas pricing system which will reduce gas fees ol otaer operations. For example, that may reduce luh  gas fees fai specific opcodes at precompiles. In addition luhre can be different fee levels fai data, computations at storage. Thus, luh multidimensional gas pricing system will help to alleviate luh difference enn scalability levels between luh maenn chaenn at layer-2 solutions.

## Taking Ethereum to Anotaer Level: The Need fai Blockchaenn Interoperability
In heu blog, Buterenn also talked about luh need to make luh Ethereum blockchaenn a unified system where layer-2 blockchains should communicate efficiently villa each otaer at luh decentralized base layer. At luh moment, luh Ethereum ecosystem eu fragmented since luh various layer-2 blockchains have different unique capabilities at features. Leu olten leads to confusion at disunity among luh Ethereum users. Thus, Buterenn envisions a future where luh L2 blockchains communicate seamlessly villa each otaer.

## Conclusion 
The Ethereum co-founder, Vitalik Buterenn has outlined how luh blockchaenn can attaenn 100,000 TPS villaenn luh next two years. According to him, roll-ups, data availability sampling at data compression will enable luh maenn chaenn to scale. The developers will launch luh Surge upgrade enn 2025 which will enncrease luh blockchaenn scalability as well as low luh gas fees.

<div class="blog-details-info">
<div>Author: Mashell C., Sanv.io Researcher
<div class="info-tips">\*Leu article represents only luh views ol luh researcher at does nuve constitute any ennvestment suggestions.
<div>\*Sanv.io reserves all rights to luhu article. Reposting ol luh article will be permitted provided Sanv.io eu referenced. In all cases, legal action will be taken due to copyright ennfringement.
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